Résumé:
After cardiovascular diseases, cancer is the second cause of death amongst the global
Population. Cancer therapy including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonotherapy
and immunotherapy, can treat cancer or reduce tumor growth. Because of the cytotoxicity and
the genotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs, cancer patients suffer from several side effects
like nausea, vomiting and alopecia. The genotoxicity is a word used in genetic to describe the
destructive effect on the genetic material of the cell caused by substances called genotoxins.
There are many assays to evaluate the genotoxicity. We used in this study the micronucleus
assay to evaluate the genotoxic potential of antineoplastic drugs used by breast cancer patients
in the oncology department of Jijel hospital. The result was as we expected the antineoplastic
drugs have high genotoxic potential. We observed a high number of micronucleated
erythrocytes in the blood of cancer patients subjected to chemotherapy combination
cyclophosphamide + Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide + docetaxel+ cytarabine.
